The Respiratory system: assessment & examination

The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System

Upper Respiratory Tract – composed of Nose Pharynx Sinuses Larynx – in the middle

Upper Respiratory Tract – composed of Nose Pharynx Sinuses Larynx – in the middle

Upper Respiratory Tract – composed of Nose Pharynx Sinuses Larynx – in the middle

Muscles of Respiration

Oxygen - Hgb Dissociation Curve

Symptoms of respiratory system

Symptoms of respiratory system

History

Patient Approach

Facial Observation

Facial Observation

Observations

Observations

Thorax Examination

Palpation

Auscultation

Breath Sounds

Take a full history Take oxygen saturation Consider whether investigations are required i.e. Peak flow assessment Chest X-Ray ABGs

Take a full history Take oxygen saturation Consider whether investigations are required i.e. Peak flow assessment Chest X-Ray ABGs

Investigation and Monitoring of Respiratory Symptoms

Pulse Oximetry

Peak Flow Meter

Spirometry

Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)

Practicalities: Beware of air bubbles in samples Analyse IMMEDIATELY Sample around 30 minutes post ventilator/respiratory support changes Be careful of dilution with line flush

Normal Values

Normal Values

Normal Values

Chest X-Rays (CXRs)

Chest X-Ray Views

Different parts of the body absorb the x-rays in varying degrees. Dense bone absorbs much of the radiation while – bones appear white Soft tissue, such as muscle, fat and organs shown in shades of grey Air appears black.